There are around 13 living species and 6 extinct species in this family. They are found in the Caribbean, especially Cuba.

Hutias have stout bodies, large heads, round ears, and short legs. Some species have long tails, while others have short tails or no tails at all. Some species live in trees and others live on the ground.

Most species are herbivores and eat fruits and leaves. Some species also eat invertebrates and reptiles.